给定一个二维矩阵 matrix,以下类型的多个请求:

实现 NumMatrix 类:

示例 1:

https://pic.leetcode-cn.com/1626332422-wUpUHT-image.png

输入:
["NumMatrix","sumRegion","sumRegion","sumRegion"]
[[[[3,0,1,4,2],[5,6,3,2,1],[1,2,0,1,5],[4,1,0,1,7],[1,0,3,0,5]]],[2,1,4,3],[1,1,2,2],[1,2,2,4]]
输出:
[null, 8, 11, 12]

解释:
NumMatrix numMatrix = new NumMatrix([[3,0,1,4,2],[5,6,3,2,1],[1,2,0,1,5],[4,1,0,1,7],[1,0,3,0,5]]);
numMatrix.sumRegion(2, 1, 4, 3); // return 8 (红色矩形框的元素总和)
numMatrix.sumRegion(1, 1, 2, 2); // return 11 (绿色矩形框的元素总和)
numMatrix.sumRegion(1, 2, 2, 4); // return 12 (蓝色矩形框的元素总和)
class NumMatrix {
    private int [][] preSum;
    public NumMatrix(int[][] matrix) {
        int rowLength = matrix.length;
        int colLength = matrix[0].length;
        preSum = new int [rowLength][colLength+1];
//单行求前置和
        for (int i=0; i<rowLength; i++){
            for(int j=1; j<=colLength; j++){
                preSum[i][j] = matrix[i][j-1]+preSum[i][j-1];
            }
        }
        // for (int i=0; i<rowLength; i++){
        //     for(int j=0; j<colLength; j++){
        //        System.out.print(preSum[i][j]+" ");
        //     }
        //      System.out.println();
        // }
    }
//将不同单行的前置和相加
    public int sumRegion(int row1, int col1, int row2, int col2) {
        int result = 0;
        for (int i=row1;i<=row2;i++){
            result= result+ preSum[i][col2+1]-preSum[i][col1];
        }
        return result;
    }
}

/**
 * Your NumMatrix object will be instantiated and called as such:
 * NumMatrix obj = new NumMatrix(matrix);
 * int param_1 = obj.sumRegion(row1,col1,row2,col2);
 */